罗兰-弗莱尔 经济学家

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Roland Fryer
Economist | Class of 2011
Offering new insight into such issues as racial discrimination, labor market inequalities, and educational underachievement and illuminating the causes and consequences of economic disparity in American society.


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Title
Economist
Affiliation
Harvard University
Location
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Age
34 at time of award
Area of Focus
Economics
Published September 20, 2011
ABOUT ROLAND'S WORK
Roland Fryer is an economist illuminating the causes and consequences of economic disparity due to race and inequality in American society. Through innovative empirical and theoretical investigations, Fryer has opened up a range of topics to quantitative analysis, offering new insights on such issues as the cognitive underpinnings of racial discrimination, labor market inequalities, and, in particular, the educational trajectory of minority children. In an examination of the longitudinal trends of testing gaps among elementary schoolchildren, Fryer and a collaborator determined that, after controlling for background characteristics, black and white children enter kindergarten at parity, but their achievement gap widens through higher grade levels; in addition, they found that traditional socioeconomic metrics could not account for this gap. In other work, Fryer posited that social network structure could be a contributing factor. Having constructed an index of social status based on a large, national set of demographic data, his analysis suggests that peer-group loyalty sometimes competes with academic performance, particularly in ethnically heterogeneous environments. Recently, Fryer led a randomized experiment with well over 20,000 students from more than 200 schools in three cities, testing several models of financial incentives to see if they improve children's academic performance. Results collected to date indicate that incentives payments alone have no statistically significant impact on subsequent state test scores. These studies, among many others, demonstrate Fryer's propensity to tackle difficult, often sensitive, social questions with scientific rigor. His research is informing the work of academics and policy makers alike, and he is playing a singular and influential role in ongoing discussions about the effects of racial differences in America.

BIOGRAPHY
Roland Fryer received a B.A. (1998) from the University of Texas at Arlington and a Ph.D. (2002) from Pennsylvania State University. He was a Junior Fellow in the Harvard Society of Fellows (2003-2006) prior to his appointment in the Department of Economics, where he is currently Robert M. Beren Professor of Economics. He is also founder and director of the Education Innovation Laboratory at Harvard University and a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research.



罗兰-弗莱尔
经济学家｜2011级
对种族歧视、劳动力市场不平等和教育成就不足等问题提出了新的见解，并阐明了美国社会中经济差距的原因和后果。


罗兰-弗莱尔的肖像
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标题
经济学家
工作单位
哈佛大学
工作地点
马萨诸塞州剑桥市
年龄
获奖时34岁
重点领域
经济学
发表于2011年9月20日
关于罗兰德的工作
罗兰-弗莱尔是一位经济学家，他阐明了美国社会中由于种族和不平等造成的经济差距的原因和后果。通过创新的经验和理论调查，弗莱尔为定量分析开辟了一系列课题，对种族歧视的认知基础、劳动力市场的不平等，特别是少数民族儿童的教育轨迹等问题提出了新的见解。在对小学生测试差距的纵向趋势的研究中，弗莱尔和一位合作者确定，在控制了背景特征后，黑人和白人儿童在进入幼儿园时是平等的，但他们的成绩差距在更高的年级会扩大；此外，他们发现，传统的社会经济指标不能解释这种差距。在其他工作中，弗莱尔认为社会网络结构可能是一个促成因素。他的分析表明，同龄人的忠诚度有时会与学习成绩相竞争，特别是在种族异质的环境中，他在全国范围内构建了一个社会地位的指数。最近，弗莱尔领导了一项随机实验，对来自三个城市200多所学校的20,000多名学生进行了测试，检验了几种经济激励模式是否能提高儿童的学习成绩。迄今为止收集到的结果表明，仅靠奖励金对随后的州考试成绩没有统计学上的重大影响。这些研究以及其他许多研究表明，弗莱尔倾向于以科学严谨的态度解决困难的、往往是敏感的社会问题。他的研究为学者和政策制定者的工作提供了参考，他在目前关于美国种族差异影响的讨论中发挥了独特而有影响力的作用。

个人简历
罗兰-弗莱尔在德克萨斯大学阿灵顿分校获得学士学位（1998年），在宾夕法尼亚州立大学获得博士学位（2002年）。在被任命到经济系之前，他是哈佛大学研究员协会的初级研究员（2003-2006），目前是罗伯特-M-贝伦经济学教授。他也是哈佛大学教育创新实验室的创始人和主任，以及国家经济研究局的研究助理。