2017 大卫-帕特森

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David Patterson
BIRTH:
November 16, 1947.

EDUCATION:
Bachelor’s degree in Mathematics (University of California at Los Angeles, 1969); M.Sc. in Computer Science (University of California at Los Angeles, 1970); Ph.D. in Computer Science (University of California at Los Angeles, 1976).

EXPERIENCE
University of California at Berkeley (1977-2016), arrriving as an Assistant Professor and retiring as holder of the E.H. and M.E. Pardee Chair of Computer Science; Google, Distinguished Engineer (2016-present). Concurrent roles included President of the Association for Computing Machinery (2004-2006).

HONORS AND AWARDS (SELECTED):
Fellow, Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (1990); Member, National Academy of Engineering (1993); Fellow, Association for Computing Machinery (1994); ACM SIGMOD “Test of Time” Award, (1999); IEEE Reynold B. Johnson Information Storage Systems Award, (1999); IEEE John von Neumann Medal (2000); Computers and Communications Prize (2004); Member, National Academy of Sciences (2006); Member, American Academy of Arts and Sciences member (2006); Fellow, Computer History Museum (2007); Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (2007); Eckert-Mauchly Award (2008); ACM SICOPS Hall of Fame Award (2011); ACM A.M. Turing Award (2017).

DAVID PATTERSON DL Author Profile link
United States – 2017
CITATION
For pioneering a systematic, quantitative approach to the design and evaluation of computer architectures with enduring impact on the microprocessor industry.

SHORT ANNOTATED
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ACM TURING AWARD
LECTURE VIDEO
RESEARCH
SUBJECTS
Born in Evergreen, Illinois in 1947, David A. Patterson graduated from South High School in Torrance, California, and then enrolled at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).  The first person in his family to graduate from college, Patterson received his Bachelor’s(1969) and Master’s (1970) degrees in computer science.  Patterson, a wrestler and math major, tried a programming course when his preferred course was cancelled (‘even with punch cards, Fortran, line printers, one-day turn-around—I was hooked”).[1]

Patterson married high school sweetheart Linda (raised near Berkeley in Albany) and with two young boys, he worked part-time (20-40 hours per week) on airborne computers at Hughes Aircraft for three years while earning a doctoral degree (1976) in computer science at UCLA.  The job hooked him on practical engineering results.   His thesis advisor was Gerald Estrin (also advisor for Vinton Cerf, Turing Award, 2004).

Patterson was hired into the University of California at Berkeley’s computer science/ electrical engineering department upon graduation. Patterson’s PhD thesis was on writable control store methods for operating systems, so he began his Berkeley career with Carlo Sequin working on the X-TREE project led by Alvin Despain.[2]  Years later, he called this modular multiprocessor system 'way too ambitious, no resources, great fun.’ [3]

Patterson took a three-month sabbatical at Digital Equipment Corporation (1979), where Joel Emer and Douglas Clark were starting measurements on a VAX minicomputer.   It had a very complex instruction set and hence a very large and complex microprogram.   Patterson worked on reducing micro-coding errors, concluding that simplifying instruction sets would “easily yield reduced errors.” [4]

Back at Berkeley, Patterson and Sequin teamed on a four-course series where they tasked graduate students to investigate these ideas. Patterson coined the acronym RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) to describe a resultant chip, known as RISC-1, with 44,420 transistors.  A good companion computer for Berkeley’s work on UNIX operating systems and C programming techniques, it could handle large amounts of memory, and it used pipelining techniques to handle several instructions simultaneously. [5]  

Instantly popular, the courses led to a Distinguished Teaching Award (1982).  Patterson’s acceptance speech acknowledged why he selected Berkeley: “When I graduated from UCLA, I went around interviewing at a lot of places,….  They really said, ‘….  Teaching is something we don’t care about—the coin of the realm is publication…’.  I was disturbed (because) that meant that I would be spending many hours of my life in front of a bunch of students, and if  I didn’t do a good job, I’d disappoint a lot of students.  If I did do a good job, I’d disappoint the people I worked for.  But when I came to Berkeley, it was great.  The electrical engineering/ computer science department emphasized that they really did care about teaching, ...” [6]

From 1982 to 1983, Sequin led the RISC-II chip project; Patterson managed collaboration between UC Berkeley and the ARPA VLSI program.  This 40,760 transistor chip, three times faster and half the size of RISC-1, became the highly influential foundation of Sun Microsystems’ SPARC micro-architecture.

Patterson first met John Hennessy at a meeting for DARPA funded research VLSI projects in 1980 or 1981 where each was presenting their ideas.  RISC-2 emerged simultaneously with Hennessy’s MIPS (Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages) prototype at Stanford in 1983. Arguments between RISC vs. MIPS designs were soon dwarfed by their common thesis against CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computers), used by the entire industrial computer design community.

Years later, Patterson recalled:  “There is this remarkable point in time when it was clear that a handful of grad students at Berkeley or Stanford could build a microprocessor that was arguably better than what industry could build—faster, cheaper, more efficient….  RISC was very controversial, it was heretical….  We had a hard time convincing people of that.” [7]  

Patterson resolutely resisted the lure of leaving the university to pursue the RISC technology in a company.  John Markoff, in the New York Times, quoted Patterson about the chance to start a company. "I made the choice between being happy and being wealthy." [8]

Patterson and Hennessy in 1990 codified their shared insights in a very influential book, Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach.  This book, now in its 6th edition, provided a simple, robust, and quantitative framework for evaluating integrated systems. [9]

Sun adopted the Berkeley architecture, while Silicon Graphics bought Hennessy’s MIPS.  Joel Birnbaum, John Cocke’s supervisor at IBM, brought RISC ideas to Hewlett-Packard.   A number of key micro-coded RISC ideas were incorporated into the Intel’s personal computer  chips, and then mobile products (e.g. iPhone) emphasized efficiency, power usage, and die size.  In their joint Turing Award speech at ISCA (2018), Patterson and Hennessy noted that an astounding 99% of the more than 20 billion micro-processors now produced annually are RISC processors, and are found in nearly all smartphones, tablets, and the billions of embedded devices that comprise the Internet of Things (IoT).[10]

Between 1989 and 1993, Patterson led the Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks (RAID) project with Berkeley colleague Randy Katz, vastly improving speed and reliability of affordable disk systems. Most web servers now use some form of RAID; many compare this work in importance to Patterson’s RISC work.  Later, Patterson contributed in implementing complex systems experiments by networking smaller computers together, foretelling “multi-tier architectures” now used by many Internet companies.

Patterson today is a Distinguished Engineer at Google and serves as Vice Chair of the Board of the RISC-V Foundation.   An eternal optimist, Patterson notes that tuned hardware/software designs can offer dramatic performance improvements for deep learning applications, which he hopes will usher in a ‘new golden age of computing.’ [11]

When lecturing, Patterson frequently mentions his family, and his life-long enthusiasm for several activities, including soccer, wrestling, cycling and weight lifting.  He reminds listeners that teams are better than individual activity, noting that you cannot be a winner on a losing team, while all members of a winning team are winners by definition. He worked with his high school wrestling partner, Rick Byrne, to win the American Power Lifting California championship, setting a new national record for age and weight bench press, dead lift, squat, and all three combined lifts in 2013 at age 66.[12]  Patterson rode in the annual two-day Waves to Wine bike ride through the Bay Area from 2003-2012 and was the top multiple sclerosis research fundraiser for the group for seven straight years.[13]

Patterson was on the ACM Executive Council for six years, serving as ACM President, 2004-2006.  He took a sabbatical year to do that, explaining that for ‘a big job’ you need really to step up to it.  He also chaired the Computing Research Association, and served on PITAC for two years (Presidential Information Technology Advisory Committee).  His motto throughout has been, “It’s not how many projects you start, it’s how many you finish….  So, pick one big thing a year, and finish it.” [14]

For many professional occasions in recent years, including the 2018 ACM Annual Awards Dinner, Patterson proudly has worn a Scottish kilt to honor his forebears.  In his acceptance speech that evening, as well as in multiple other speeches in recent years, he cited his 50th marriage anniversary with his childhood sweetheart, Linda, who co-founded the East Bay Improv group in Berkeley many years ago. [15]

Patterson, made an ACM Fellow in 1994, is also a Fellow of AAAS and IEEE.  He has been elected to the National Academies of Engineering, Sciences, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.  Hennessy and Patterson have won a number of joint awards, including the John von Neumann Medal (IEEE, 2000), the Eckert-Mauchly ACM/IEEE award in 2001; Fellows for the Computer History Museum in 2007, and the ACM Turing Award in 2017.

Author: Charles H. House

[1] Patterson, David, “Closing Remarks,”  40 Years of Patterson Symposium, UC Berkeley EE/CS, May 7, 2016; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8X0tsp-FVGI

[2] Carlo H. Séquin, Alvin M. Despain, David A. Patterson:  Communication In X-TREE, A Modular Multiprocessor System. ACM Annual Conference (1) 1978: 194-203

[3] Patterson, David A., “Closing Remarks,” op. cit.   Also see Patterson, David A., “My Last Lecture: How to be a Bad Professor,”  Berkeley EE/CS, May 6, 2016; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TK6EPvrmcBk

[4] Patterson, David A., interview with Jim Demmel , EE/CS chair at Berkeley, UC Berkeley  ACM Turing Laureate Colloquium October 10, 2018; https://eecs.berkeley.edu/turing-colloquium/schedule/patterson

[5] John Hennessy and David Patterson, “ACM A.M.Turing Award lecture, 45th ISCA (International Symposium of Computer Architecture), Los Angeles, June 4, 2018   https://www.acm.org/hennessy-patterson-turing-lecture

[6] Patterson 1982 UC Berkeley Distinguished Teaching Award lecture, published on YouTube later (March 16, 2016);  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=asKcJyFbRm0   

[7] Patterson, David A.,  “A New Golden Age for Computer Architecture: History, Challenges, and Opportunities,” UC Berkeley  ACM Turing Laureate Colloquium lecture, October 10, 2018; https://eecs.berkeley.edu/turing-colloquium/schedule/patterson

[8] Markoff, John, “Chip Technology’s Friendly Rivals,” New York Times, June 4, 1991; https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/ ... riendly-rivals.html

[9] J. L. Hennessy and D. A. Patterson, Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach, 6th ed., Computer Architecture and Design, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2017

[10] John Hennessy and David Patterson, “ACM A.M.Turing Award lecture, op. cit.

[11] Patterson, David, “A New Golden Age for Computer Architecture,” Artificial Intelligence Conference, September 12, 2018   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c03Z0Ms8pKg

[12] Posting, Baban Zarkovich, April 20, 2013, “Professor David Patterson sets the APA RAW California State Record,”  https://amplab.cs.berkeley.edu/n ... ornia-state-record/

[13] "Berkeley's Anti-MS Crew". anti-ms-crew.berkeley.edu.   http://anti-ms-crew.berkeley.edu/theteam.shtml

[14] Patterson, David A., “How to have a bad career in research/academia,” Berkeley, November 2001; https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~pattrsn/talks/BadCareer.pdf

[15] Patterson, “A New Golden Age” presentation; op.cit.




大卫-帕特森
出生。
1947年11月16日。

教育背景：数学学士（加州大学洛杉矶分校，1969年）；计算机科学硕士（加州大学洛杉矶分校，1970年）；博士学位。
数学学士（加州大学洛杉矶分校，1969）；计算机科学硕士（加州大学洛杉矶分校，1970）；计算机科学博士（加州大学洛杉矶分校，1976）。

经历
加州大学伯克利分校（1977-2016），作为助理教授开始工作，退休后担任计算机科学E.H.和M.E.Pardee主席；谷歌，杰出工程师（2016年至今）。同时担任的职务包括计算机协会主席（2004-2006）。

荣誉和奖项（部分）。
电气和电子工程师协会研究员（1990年）；国家工程院院士（1993年）；计算机械协会研究员（1994年）；ACM SIGMOD "时间测试 "奖，（1999年）；IEEE Reynold B. Johnson信息存储系统奖，（1999年）；IEEE John von Neumann奖章（2000年）；计算机和通信奖（2004年）；美国国家科学院院士（2006年）；美国艺术和科学院院士（2006年）；计算机历史博物馆研究员（2007年）；美国科学促进会研究员（2007年）；Eckert-Mauchly奖（2008年）；ACM SICOPS名人堂奖（2011年）；ACM A.M. 图灵奖（2017）。

DAVID PATTERSON DL作者简介链接
美国 - 2017
嘉奖
由于开创了一种系统的、定量的计算机架构设计和评估方法，对微处理器行业产生了持久的影响。

短篇注释
书目
亚马逊图灵奖
讲座视频
研究
题材
大卫-帕特森1947年出生于伊利诺伊州的常青市，毕业于加州托伦斯的南方高中，然后进入加州大学洛杉矶分校（UCLA）。 作为家里第一个从大学毕业的人，帕特森获得了计算机科学的学士（1969）和硕士学位（1970）。 帕特森是一名摔跤手，主修数学，当他喜欢的课程被取消时，他尝试了一门编程课程（"即使有打卡机、福尔丹、行式打印机、一天的周转时间，我也被迷住了"）[1] 。

帕特森与高中时的恋人琳达（在伯克利附近的奥尔巴尼长大）结婚，带着两个年幼的儿子，他在休斯飞机公司的机载计算机上做了三年的兼职工作（每周20-40小时），同时在加州大学洛杉矶分校获得了计算机科学博士学位（1976）。 这份工作让他迷上了实际的工程成果。  他的论文导师是杰拉尔德-埃斯特林（也是文顿-瑟夫的导师，图灵奖，2004）。

帕特森毕业后被录用到加州大学伯克利分校的计算机科学/电子工程系。帕特森的博士论文是关于操作系统的可写控制存储方法，因此他在伯克利开始了他的职业生涯，与卡洛-塞金一起在阿尔文-德斯潘领导的X-TREE项目中工作。[2] 多年后，他称这个模块化的多处理器系统'太有野心，没有资源，非常有趣。[3]

帕特森在数字设备公司休了三个月的假（1979年），乔尔-埃默和道格拉斯-克拉克在那里开始测量VAX微型计算机。  它有一个非常复杂的指令集，因此有一个非常大而复杂的微程序。  帕特森致力于减少微观编码错误，他的结论是，简化指令集 "很容易产生减少错误"。[4]

回到伯克利后，帕特森和塞金合作开设了四门系列课程，他们责成研究生研究这些想法。帕特森创造了RISC（精简指令集计算机）的缩写，以描述一个结果芯片，称为RISC-1，有44420个晶体管。 对于伯克利在UNIX操作系统和C语言编程技术方面的工作来说，这是一个很好的配套计算机，它可以处理大量的内存，并使用流水线技术来同时处理几个指令。[5]  

这些课程立即受到欢迎，并获得了杰出教学奖（1982年）。 帕特森在接受采访时承认了他选择伯克利的原因："当我从加州大学洛杉矶分校毕业时，我去很多地方面试，....。 他们真的说，'....  教学是我们不关心的东西--领域的硬币是出版......'。 我很不安，（因为）这意味着我将在一群学生面前度过我生命中的许多小时，如果我做得不好，我会让很多学生失望。 如果我确实做得很好，我就会让我的工作对象失望。 但是，当我来到伯克利时，它很好。 电气工程/计算机科学系强调，他们确实关心教学，......" [6]

从1982年到1983年，塞金领导了RISC-II芯片项目；帕特森管理加州大学伯克利分校和ARPA VLSI项目之间的合作。 这个40,760个晶体管的芯片，速度是RISC-1的三倍，尺寸是RISC-1的一半，成为Sun Microsystems的SPARC微架构的高度影响的基础。

1980年或1981年，帕特森在DARPA资助的研究VLSI项目的会议上第一次见到约翰-轩尼诗，当时双方都在介绍自己的想法。 1983年，RISC-2与Hennessy在斯坦福大学的MIPS（无互锁管线阶段的微处理器）原型同时出现了。RISC 与 MIPS 设计之间的争论很快就被他们反对 CISC（复杂指令集计算机）的共同论点所淹没，整个工业计算机设计界都在使用这种设计。

多年以后，帕特森回忆说。 "有这样一个显著的时间点，很明显，在伯克利或斯坦福的少数研究生可以建造一个微处理器，可以说比工业界能建造的更好--更快、更便宜、更有效....。 RISC是非常有争议的，它是异端邪说....  我们很难说服人们相信这一点"。[7]  

帕特森坚决抵制了离开大学到一家公司追求RISC技术的诱惑。 约翰-马科夫在《纽约时报》上引用了帕特森关于创办公司的机会的说法。"我在快乐和富有之间做了选择。" [8]

帕特森和轩尼诗在1990年将他们的共同见解编入一本非常有影响力的书《计算机结构》。量化方法》一书中编纂了他们的共同见解。 这本书现在已经是第6版了，为评估集成系统提供了一个简单、稳健和定量的框架。[9]

Sun公司采用了伯克利架构，而Silicon Graphics公司购买了Hennessy的MIPS。 John Cocke在IBM的主管Joel Birnbaum把RISC的理念带到了惠普公司。  一些关键的微编码RISC思想被纳入英特尔的个人电脑芯片，然后移动产品（如iPhone）强调效率、功耗和芯片尺寸。 Patterson和Hennessy在ISCA（2018）上发表的图灵奖联合演讲中指出，现在每年生产的200多亿个微处理器中，有99%是RISC处理器，几乎所有的智能手机、平板电脑和构成物联网（IoT）的数十亿个嵌入式设备中都有RISC处理器，令人震惊[10] 。

1989年至1993年期间，帕特森与伯克利的同事兰迪-卡茨一起领导了廉价磁盘冗余阵列（RAID）项目，大大提高了廉价磁盘系统的速度和可靠性。现在大多数网络服务器都使用某种形式的RAID；许多人将这项工作的重要性与帕特森的RISC工作相提并论。 后来，帕特森通过将较小的计算机联网，在实现复杂的系统实验方面做出了贡献，预示着许多互联网公司现在所使用的 "多层架构"。

今天，帕特森是谷歌公司的杰出工程师，并担任RISC-V基金会董事会的副主席。  作为一个永远的乐观主义者，帕特森指出，经过调整的硬件/软件设计可以为深度学习应用提供巨大的性能改进，他希望这将迎来一个 "新的计算黄金时代"。[11]

在演讲时，帕特森经常提到他的家庭，以及他一生对一些活动的热情，包括足球、摔跤、自行车和举重。 他提醒听众，团队比个人活动更好，指出你不可能在一个失败的团队中成为赢家，而一个胜利的团队的所有成员根据定义都是赢家。他与他的高中摔跤伙伴里克-伯恩合作，赢得了美国加州力量举重冠军，在2013年66岁时创造了年龄和体重的卧推、死举、深蹲和所有三个综合举重的新全国纪录。[12] 帕特森在2003-2012年期间参加了每年为期两天的骑行湾区的Waves to Wine自行车活动，并连续七年成为该团体的顶级多发性硬化症研究筹款人[13] 。

帕特森在ACM执行委员会工作了六年，在2004-2006年期间担任ACM主席。 他为此休了一年假，并解释说，对于'一份大工作'，你需要真正地踏上它。 他还担任过计算研究协会的主席，并在PITAC（总统信息技术咨询委员会）任职两年。 他的座右铭一直是："不在于你开始了多少项目，而在于你完成了多少....。 因此，每年选择一件大事，并完成它"。[14]

近年来，在许多专业场合，包括2018年ACM年度颁奖晚宴上，帕特森自豪地穿上了苏格兰短裙，以纪念他的祖先。 在当晚的获奖演讲中，以及近年来的其他多个演讲中，他提到了他与青梅竹马的琳达的50周年结婚纪念日，琳达多年前在伯克利共同创立了东湾即兴表演团体。[15]

帕特森于1994年成为ACM院士，也是AAAS和IEEE的院士。 他已被选入国家工程院、科学院和美国艺术与科学学院。 亨尼西和帕特森获得了许多联合奖项，包括约翰-冯-诺伊曼奖（IEEE，2000年），2001年的埃克特-毛利ACM/IEEE奖；2007年的计算机历史博物馆研究员，以及2017年的ACM图灵奖。

作者。Charles H. House

[1] Patterson, David, "Closing Remarks, 40 Years of Patterson Symposium, UC Berkeley EE/CS, May 7, 2016; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8X0tsp-FVGI

[2] Carlo H. Séquin, Alvin M. Despain, David A. Patterson:  X-TREE中的通信，一个模块化的多处理器系统。ACM年会（1）1978: 194-203

[3] Patterson, David A., "Closing Remarks," op. cit.   另见Patterson, David A., "My Last Lecture: 如何成为一个坏教授》，伯克利EE/CS，2016年5月6日；https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TK6EPvrmcBk

[4] Patterson, David A., interview with Jim Demmel , EE/CS chair at Berkeley, UC Berkeley ACM Turing Laureate Colloquium October 10, 2018; https://eecs.berkeley.edu/turing-colloquium/schedule/patterson

[5] John Hennessy和David Patterson，"ACM A.M.图灵奖讲座，第45届ISCA（计算机结构国际研讨会），洛杉矶，2018年6月4日 https://www.acm.org/hennessy-patterson-turing-lecture

[6] Patterson 1982年加州大学伯克利分校杰出教学奖讲座，后来发表在YouTube上（2016年3月16日）；https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=asKcJyFbRm0   

[7] Patterson, David A., "A New Golden Age for Computer Architecture: 历史、挑战和机遇，"加州大学伯克利分校ACM图灵奖得主座谈会讲座，2018年10月10日；https://eecs.berkeley.edu/turing-colloquium/schedule/patterson

[8] Markoff, John, "Chip Technology's Friendly Rivals," New York Times, June 4, 1991; https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/ ... riendly-rivals.html

[9] J. L. Hennessy和D. A. Patterson, Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach, 6th ed., Computer Architecture and Design, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2017

[10] John Hennessy和David Patterson，《ACM A.M.图灵奖讲座》，同上。

[11] Patterson, David, "A New Golden Age for Computer Architecture," Artificial Intelligence Conference, September 12, 2018 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c03Z0Ms8pKg

[12] 贴吧，Baban Zarkovich，2013年4月20日，"David Patterson教授创造了APA RAW加州记录，" https://amplab.cs.berkeley.edu/n ... ornia-state-record/

[13] "伯克利的反MS团"。anti-ms-crew.berkeley.edu。http://anti-ms-crew.berkeley.edu/theteam.shtml

[14] Patterson, David A., "How to have a bad career in research/academia," Berkeley, November 2001; https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~pattrsn/talks/BadCareer.pdf

[15] Patterson，"一个新的黄金时代 "演讲；同上。