2019 凯莉-莱特尔-埃尔南德斯 历史学家

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Kelly Lytle Hernández
Historian | Class of 2019
Challenging long-held beliefs about the origins, ideology, and evolution of incarceration and immigrant detention practices in the United States.


Portrait of Kelly Lytle Hernández
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Title
Historian
Affiliation
Department of History, University of California, Los Angeles
Location
Los Angeles, California
Age
45 at time of award
Area of Focus
American History, Latin/South American History and Mesoamerican History
Website
UCLA: Kelly Lytle Hernández
Million Dollar Hoods Project
Social
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Published September 25, 2019
ABOUT KELLY'S WORK
Kelly Lytle Hernández is a historian challenging long-held beliefs about the origins, ideology, and systemic evolution of America’s modern-day incarceration and immigrant detention practices.

Her book, Migra! A History of the U.S. Border Patrol (2010), is the first significant academic history of the enforcement organization. Lytle Hernández traces the rise of the Patrol over the course of the twentieth century, from a rural community brigade with a narrow agenda to help farmers and ranchers manage the flow of seasonal workers in the 1920s to its current focus as an anti-immigration unit of the federal government. Her research took her to the Instituto Nacional de Migración (INM) in Mexico City, where she unearthed documentation about partnerships between the early Border Patrol and the Mexican state to regulate Mexican migration into the United States. Her second book, City of Inmates: Conquest, Rebellion and the Rise of Human Caging in Los Angeles, 1771–1965 (2017), is an ambitious study that reconstructs the history of how Los Angeles County built what is today the largest jail system in the United States. She builds upon what we know about the Southern enslavement of African Americans as the defining precursor to America’s racialized prison system by foregrounding how, in the American West, cultural and institutional practices targeted African Americans as well as other marginalized groups. Native populations, non-white immigrants, and even itinerant and impoverished white men encountered hyper-policing, incarceration, and eventually erasure from social privileges and the public eye. Because historical records from the L.A. County Jail and Sheriff’s Office had been destroyed, Lytle Hernández built what she calls a “rebel archive” containing materials from local agencies—including public health services, the courts, and city council—and from activists, community members, and incarcerated persons.

While making previously unarchived records from both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border accessible to other scholars, Lytle Hernández is uncovering experiences and perspectives that shed new light on the carceral state’s complex and entangled roots in the western United States. She currently leads the Million Dollar Hoods research project, which maps the fiscal and human costs of incarceration in Los Angeles County. She is also at work on a history of the Flores Magón brothers, Mexican social reform activists who, as exiles in the United States, seeded the outbreak of the 1910 Mexican Revolution. Lytle Hernández’s investigation of the intersecting histories of race, mass incarceration, immigration, and cross-border politics is deepening our understanding of how imprisonment has been used as a mechanism for social control in the United States.

BIOGRAPHY
Kelly Lytle Hernández received a BA (1996) from the University of California, San Diego, and a PhD (2002) from the University of California, Los Angeles, where she is currently a professor in the Departments of History, African American Studies, and Urban Planning and director of the Ralph J. Bunche Center for African American Studies. She is the author of Mexican Immigration to the United States, 1900–1999: A Sourcebook for Teachers (2002), and her writing has appeared in Pacific Historical Review, Boom: A Journal of California, and Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies, among other journals.

QUOTES FROM KELLY
My work chronicles how the diverse and colliding histories of racial violence in the American West, especially in the U.S.-Mexico borderlands, drove the rise of mass incarceration in the United States. It is work that unmasks the enduring grip of white supremacy on U.S. carceral systems, from our jails to prisons to detention centers, insisting that true criminal justice reform must advance racial justice. Only with a deep and expansive commitment to racial justice, including reparations for harms done and a creative reimagining of public safety for all, especially for historically-marginalized communities, can the United States begin to break with centuries of deploying law-and-order to create and protect the inequitable distribution of resources, including but not limited to land, jobs, and housing.



凯莉-莱特尔-埃尔南德斯
历史学家｜2019级
挑战关于美国监禁和移民拘留做法的起源、意识形态和演变的长期存在的信念。


凯莉-林特尔-埃尔南德斯的肖像
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标题
历史学家
工作单位
加州大学洛杉矶分校历史系
工作地点
洛杉矶，加利福尼亚
年龄
获奖时45岁
重点领域
美国历史，拉美/南美历史和中美洲历史
网站
加州大学洛杉矶分校。凯利-莱特尔-埃尔南德斯
百万富翁项目
社会
脸书
推特
2019年9月25日出版
关于凯莉的工作
凯莉-莱特尔-埃尔南德斯是一位历史学家，她对美国现代监禁和移民拘留做法的起源、意识形态和系统演变的长期信念提出了挑战。

她的著作《Migra! 美国边境巡逻队的历史》（2010年），是第一部关于执法组织的重要学术史。莱特尔-埃尔南德斯追溯了巡逻队在二十世纪的崛起，从1920年代一个议程狭窄的农村社区大队，帮助农民和农场主管理季节性工人的流动，到目前作为联邦政府反移民单位的重点。她的研究把她带到了墨西哥城的国家移民研究所（INM），在那里她发现了关于早期边境巡逻队和墨西哥州之间的伙伴关系的文件，以规范墨西哥人对美国的移民。她的第二本书《囚徒之城》。1771-1965年洛杉矶的征服、叛乱和人类笼络的兴起》（2017）是一项雄心勃勃的研究，重建了洛杉矶县如何建立今天美国最大的监狱系统的历史。她在我们所了解的南方对非裔美国人的奴役是美国种族化监狱系统的决定性先驱的基础上，强调了在美国西部，文化和制度实践如何针对非裔美国人以及其他边缘化群体。原住民、非白人移民，甚至是流动的、贫穷的白人男子都遇到了过度的治安、监禁，并最终被从社会特权和公众视野中抹去。由于洛杉矶县监狱和警长办公室的历史记录已被销毁，莱特尔-埃尔南德斯建立了她所谓的 "反叛档案"，其中包括来自当地机构（包括公共卫生服务、法院和市议会）以及活动家、社区成员和被监禁者的材料。

莱特尔-埃尔南德斯在使其他学者能够接触到美墨边境两边以前未归档的记录的同时，还发现了一些经验和观点，这些经验和观点对美国西部复杂而纠结的监禁状态的根源有了新的认识。她目前领导着 "百万美元罩 "研究项目，该项目描绘了洛杉矶县监禁的财政和人力成本。她还在撰写弗洛雷斯-马贡兄弟的历史，他们是墨西哥社会改革活动家，作为流亡美国的人，为1910年墨西哥革命的爆发提供了种子。莱特尔-埃尔南德斯对种族、大规模监禁、移民和跨境政治等交叉历史的调查，加深了我们对监禁如何在美国被用作社会控制机制的理解。

个人简历
凯利-莱尔-埃尔南德斯（Kelly Lytle Hernández）在加州大学圣地亚哥分校获得学士学位（1996年），在加州大学洛杉矶分校获得博士学位（2002年），她目前是历史系、非裔美国人研究系和城市规划系的教授，以及拉尔夫-邦奇非裔美国人研究中心主任。她是《墨西哥移民到美国，1900-1999》的作者。她的文章发表在《太平洋历史评论》、《繁荣：加州杂志》和《Aztlán》上。A Journal of Chicano Studies，以及其他期刊。

凯利的名言
我的作品记录了美国西部，特别是美墨边境地区种族暴力的不同和碰撞的历史，如何推动了美国大规模监禁的兴起。这项工作揭开了白人至上主义对美国监禁系统的持久控制，从我们的监狱到拘留中心，坚持认为真正的刑事司法改革必须推动种族正义。只有对种族正义作出深刻而广泛的承诺，包括对所造成的伤害进行赔偿，并对所有人，特别是历史上被边缘化的社区的公共安全进行创造性的重新构想，美国才能开始打破几个世纪以来利用法律和秩序来创造和保护资源的不平等分配，包括但不限于土地、工作和住房。